Campos made his feature-length debut on Afterschool, which had its world premiere at the Cannes Film Festival. The film was later acquired by IFC Films. It was released in a limited release on October 2, 2009. Campos then went onto direct Simon Killer, which had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival, starring Brady Corbet. IFC Films acquired distribution rights to the film, and opened in a limited release in April 2013.

Campos's third feature Christine which starred Rebecca Hall, had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. The film was acquired by The Orchard, and released in a limited release on October 14, 2016. Campos is attached to direct a prequel to The Omen for 20th Century Fox. Campos directed the pilot episode of The Sinner, starring Jessica Biel and Christopher Abbott and also serve as an executive producer. The pilot was later ordered to series. He also directed episode 8 of Marvel's The Punisher. Apart from being a director and screenwriter, Campos co-founded the production company Borderline Films which has produced films such as James White, Katie Says Goodbye, and Martha Marcy May Marlene.

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